J.A.B. Bulao & Associates

WHO IS GRACE POE?

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Mary Grace Natividad Sonora Poe Llamanzares (born September 3, 1968) is the adopted daughter of Filipino actors Susan Roces and Fernando Poe, Jr. She served as chairperson of the Movie and Television Review and Classification Board (MTRCB) from 2010 to 2012 and in the Philippine Senate since 2013.

She initially studied at the University of the Philippines Manila, where she majored in development studies, but moved to Boston College in Massachusetts, United States where she finished a degree in political science and has spent much of her adult life in Fairfax, Virginia.

In 2004, her adoptive father ran for the Philippine presidency against the incumbent, Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, but was defeated; he died months later. On April 8, 2005, Grace returned to the Philippines after learning that her father had died. She began pursuing her father’s rights over the results of the election and campaigned against alleged electoral fraud.

Poe ran for a seat in the Philippine Senate during the election in 2013 as an Independent affiliated with the Team PNoy coalition of Aquino. She ended up winning more votes than other candidates and over 20 million votes, ahead of Loren Legarda, who previously topped two elections.

Early life

Poe was legally adopted by the actors Fernando Poe, Jr. and Susan Roces and she was named Mary Grace Natividad Sonora Poe by them.^[1] Consequently, she is an adopted half-sister of actors Ronian and Lovi Poe.^[2] While still young, she watched her father from the sets of his movies—even playing minor roles in some of them,^[3] such as the daughter of Paquito Diaz‘s character in Durugin si Totoy Bato, and as a street child in Dugo ng Bayan.^[4][5] Although she contemplated becoming an actress throughout her childhood, her father wished that she finish her studies first before entering the entertainment industry.^[4] Ultimately, Poe did not enter show business.^[5][6]

Education

She attended elementary school at Saint Paul College of Pasig and Saint Paul College of Makati.^[7] In 1982, Poe transferred to Assumption College San Lorenzo for high school, where she competed in a number of oratorical contests and was captain of the school’s debating team in her senior year.^[5] By the time she graduated from Assumption in 1986, she decided instead to pursue public service in order to set a different career path for herself, as well as to avoid being compared to her parents.^[4]

Following high school, Poe entered the University of the Philippines Manila (UP), where she majored in development studies. While at UP, she served in the student council as a class representative for the two years she was there. She later decided to continue her undergraduate studies abroad both to experience and prove her independence,^[7] and as a form of silent rebellion in order to avoid the possibility of shaming her parents.^[4] She transferred to Boston College, where she graduated with a degree in political science in 1991. While in Boston, she co-founded the school’s Filipino Cultural Club and served as an intern for the campaign of William Weld in the 1990 Massachusetts gubernatorial election.^[5]

Political career

Election, 2004

Further information: Hello Garci

In 2003, her adoptive father, Fernando Poe, Jr. announced that he was entering politics, running for President of the Philippines in the upcoming election under the Koalisyon ng Nagkakaisang Pilipino (KNP) against then-President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo. Poe returned to the Philippines to help him campaign, but returned to the United States afterward.^[3]

Fernando Poe, Jr. was rushed to the hospital after a stroke later that year.^[8] Grace immediately returned to the Philippines, only to arrive shortly after her father had died on December 14, 2004.^[3][9] Following her father’s death, Poe and her family decided to return permanently to the Philippines on April 8, 2005, in order to be with her widowed mother.^[3][5][10]

Media regulatory board

In the 2010 general election, Poe served as a convenor of Kontra Daya,^[5] a poll watchdog organized to prevent electoral fraud, and spoke publicly about wanting to prevent further cheating in the elections like the way her father was allegedly cheated in 2004.^[11] She also became honorary chairperson of the FPJ for President Movement (FPJPM), the group which was organized to pressure her father to run in 2004, continuing the movement’s social relief programs for the less fortunate.^[5] On October 10, 2010, President Benigno Aquino III appointed Poe to serve as chairwoman of the Movie and Television Review and Classification Board (MTRCB), succeeding outgoing chairwoman Ma. Consoliza Laguardia,^[12] who was appointed to the position in 2003. The appointment came as a surprise to Poe, having learned of her appointment while vacationing with her mother in California only two days before the formal announcement was made.^[5] She was sworn in on October 21, 2010 at the Malacañang Palace, and was later reappointed by President Aquino for another term on October 23, 2011.^[13] She continued to serve until October 2, 2012, when she filed her candidacy for senator.

While at the MTRCB, Poe had advocated for a “progressive” agency which would have enabled the television and film industries to help the Philippine economy,^[14] with her tenure being marked by an emphasis on diplomacy.^[15] At the beginning of her term, Poe instigated the implementation of a new ratings system for television programs,^[16] which she said was “designed to empower parents to exercise caution and vigilance with the viewing habits of their children”.^[17] This was complemented by the implementation of a new ratings system for movies—a system which closely follows the new television ratings system—at the end of her term.^[18]

The MTRCB under Poe’s tenure also implemented policies and programs to promote “intelligent viewing”,^[19] such as promulgating the implementing rules and regulations for the Children’s Television Act of 1997 some fifteen years after its passage,^[20] and enforcing restrictions on the type of viewing material that can be shown on public buses.^[21] Despite this thrust, Poe has spoken out against restrictions on freedom of expression,^[22] preferring self-regulation to censorship.^[5] During this time, she encouraged the creation of new cinematic output through the reduction of review fees despite cuts to its budget,^[17][23] and has promoted the welfare of child and female actors.^[24][25]

Election, 2013

Further information: Team PNoy

Although Poe was rumored to be running for an elective position as early as 2010,^[26] it was not confirmed that she would stand for election until October 1, 2012, when President Aquino announced that she was selected by the administration Team PNoy coalition as a member of their senatorial slate.^[27] Poe filed her certificate of candidacy the next day on October 2, 2012.^[28] Although running under the banner of the Team PNoy coalition, Poe officially ran as an independent.^[27] Poe was also a guest candidate of the left-leaning Makabayang Koalisyon ng Mamamayan.^[29] Until February 21, 2013,^[30] Poe was, along with Senators Loren Legarda and Francis Escudero, one of three common guest candidates of the opposition United Nationalist Alliance (UNA) of Vice-President Jejomar Binay.^[28]

Analysts noted the rapid rise of Poe in national election surveys, which community organizer Harvey Keh attributed to popular sympathy for her father,^[31] fueled in part by high public trust in the Poe name.^[32] Prior to the start of the election season, Poe was ranked twenty-eighth in a preliminary survey conducted by the Social Weather Stations (SWS) in mid-2012, before the start of the filing period.^[33] Immediately after filing her candidacy, Poe initially ranked fifteenth in the first survey of the election, published by StratPOLLS.^[34] While she ranked as low as twentieth in a survey published by SWS later in the year, she entered the top 12 in January 2013,^[35] where she stayed. In the last survey issued by Pulse Asia in April 2013, she was ranked third.^[36]

While Poe herself admitted that her biggest strength in the campaign was her surname, she also conceded that it would be insufficient for her to be elected simply on that alone, emphasizing that her platform is just as important as her name in getting her elected to the Senate.^[32] She also dismissed claims that her candidacy was her family’s revenge against her father’s loss in 2004, saying that all she wants to do is serve should she be elected to the Senate.^[31] A day after the election, Poe was announced as among the winners with her having the highest number of votes.^[37] She was officially proclaimed a senator by the COMELEC board on May 2013, along with fellow Team PNoy candidates Chiz Escudero, Sonny Angara, Alan Peter Cayetano, and Loren Legarda, as well United Nationalist Alliance candidate Nancy Binay (who did not attend, opting instead to send her lawyer to represent her).^[38]

Platform

In the 2013 elections, Poe ran on an eleven-point platform focused on poverty alleviation, youth opportunity and electoral reform,^[39] promising to continue the legacy of her father.^[40] Her labor legislative agenda also includes more opportunities, skill development and growth for Filipino workers, employment security for the disabled and handicapped, and protection of workers in the informal sector.^[41] Specific policies she advocated in the course of her campaign include reviving the national elementary school lunch program first introduced during Marcos Era,^[42] the installation of closed-circuit television cameras in government offices,^[43] and stricter penalties against child pornography,^[31] continuing her earlier advocacy during her time at the MTRCB. In addition, she has also advocated against Internet censorship.^[32]

Poe also stresses the importance of female participation in government, having already filed a number of legislations for the betterment of women and children in her term of office; she has also called for an investigation on the proliferation of cybersex dens that prey on children and women, and an inquiry on the condition of women detainees and prisoners.^[32]

“Effective leadership can be gleaned not just from the progress of a few but the advancement of the majority, especially of those who find themselves in the fringes,” Poe said during a speech delivered at the Philippine International Convention Center (PICC) on May 28, 2015. This was attended mostly by female leaders and entrepreneurs. “It is important for women to have genuine meaningful participation in public affairs. Women leaders have an invaluable take on issues of public interest.”^[44]

Senate

On her first day as a senator in the 16th Congress, Poe filed a bill promoting “film tourism” which aims to make the Philippines a primary location for local and international films. She said that this would generate jobs and promote tourism in the Philippines as well.^[45] Poe also filed the “Sustenance for the Filipino child” bill which seeks to give free nutritious meals to children enrolled in public elementary schools and high schools in K-12.^[46] It aims to solve hunger and malnutrition which hindered the Filipino youth’s potential. Another notable bill filed by Poe is the “First 1000 days” bill which seeks to protect and support Filipino children in their first 1,000 days after they were born.^[47] This addresses the problem of malnutrition of Filipino children by providing nutrition counselling, milk feeding, and other needs of children. In addition, Poe is also pushing for the Freedom of Information bill which will promote greater transparency and lessen corruption in the government. This bill will allow government transactions to be open to the public.^[48] In 2015, she led the legislature’s investigations into the Mamasapano clash, which left 44 Special Action Force members dead.^[49]

Presidential bid

Further information: Grace Poe presidential campaign, 2016 and Partido Galing at Puso

Poe was widely speculated to be a potential presidential or vice presidential candidate in the 2016 general elections,^{[51][52][53][54][55]} with possible running mates such as Rep. Leni Robredo^[56] and Senator Miriam Defensor-Santiago.^[57][58][59] Poe placed first on a presidential preference poll issued by Pulse Asia In June 2015 with a rating of 30%, outranking previous front runner Vice President Jejomar Binay, who had a 22% rating.^[60][61] She also placed first in the vice-presidential poll, with a 41% preference nationwide.^[60][62] In an opinion survey issued by Social Weather Stations (SWS) in June 2015, Poe also placed first, with a 42% preference.^[63] She also placed first in SWS’ vice-presidential poll, with a 41% rating.^[64]

On September 16, 2015, Poe, together with Francis Escudero, declared her presidential bid, in front of hundreds of supporters, family and friends at the Bahay ng Alumni, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City under the newly coalition of Partido Galing at Puso, composed of Bagong Alyansang Makabayan and is led by the Nationalist People’s Coalition.^[65] Former Philippine President and Mayor of Manila Joseph Estrada has given his support to her.^[66] On her speech announcing her presidential bid, Grace Poe laid down a 20-point program of government if she would be elected.^[67]

Qualification

Main article: David v. Poe

In June 2015, United Nations Alliance (UNA) interim president and Navotas City Representative Toby Tiangco claimed that Poe lacked the 10-year residency requirement for a presidential candidate. Poe had previously been working in the United States after finishing her graduate studies there, and only returned to the Philippines after her father’s death in 2004. She then revoked her U.S. citizenship to assume the role of chairperson of the MTRCB in 2010.^[68][69][70] There was an issue about Poe’s certificate of candidacy (COC) for senator in 2012 for the 2013 Philippine Senate Elections, in which she had stated that she had been a resident of the Philippines for six years and six months. It was argued that it might have been a mistake, but Raymond Fortun argued that she had to prove otherwise.^[69] Tiangco stated that even during the time of the 2016 Presidential Elections, Poe would still be six months short of the residency requirement.^[70]

On November 17, 2015, the Senate Electoral Tribunal opted to drop the cases against her. The clear implication was that they considered her a ‘natural-born Filipino’ within the peculiar usage of that phrase in Filipino legislation and was not excluded from becoming president on those grounds. Her political rivals Bam Aquino and Pia Cayetano, as well as her political allies Loren Legarda, Tito Sotto, and Cynthia Villar, voted in her favor.^[71] The decision was affirmed on December 3, 2015.^[72] In their judgment on the case, the SET declared that Grace Poe, a foundling, is a “natural-born Filipino“, which allowed her to retain her seat in the Philippine Senate.^{[73][74][75][76][77]} David filed a motion for reconsideration to reverse the ruling by SET,^[78] which was rejected on December 3, 2015,^[72] after which he filed an appeal with the Supreme Court.^[79]

On December 1, 2015, the COMELEC’s second division disqualified her as presidential candidate due to failing to meet the “10-year requirement” for residency.^[80] Under COMELEC rules, the party or coalition supporting her may file a substitute before December 10, 2015.^[81][82] On December 11, the commission’s first division also disqualified Poe. The first division, voted 2–1 in favor of the petitions to disqualify and cancel her certificate of candidacy.^[83] These decisions were appealed to the COMELEC en banc, which on December 23, 2015, formally disqualified Poe from running as president in the 2016 elections for failing to meet the 10-year residency requirement.^[84][85] Poe said she would appeal the disqualification to the Supreme Court. On December 28, 2015, the Supreme Court issued two temporary restraining orders against the decision of the COMELEC en banc.^[86]

On March 8, 2016, voting 9–6, the Supreme Court’s en banc allowed Poe to run for president after the en banc reverted the decision of COMELEC to cancel her certificate of candidacy due to her citizenship issues.^[87][88]

Personal life

Poe worked as a preschool teacher at a local Montessori education-style school in 1995. In 1998, she left her job as a teacher to work as a procurement liaison officer at the United States Geological Survey.^[5] In 2005, she was made Vice President and Treasurer of her father’s film production company, FPJ Productions, and was put in charge of maintaining the company’s archive of over 200 films,^[5] reportedly one of the best in the Philippines in terms of the number of films preserved.^[4]

Poe is an avid reader:^[89] she has read all the books of David Baldacci, who she describes as her favorite author,^[5] but she has also read books from a wide variety of genres and authors.^[89] She is also a film aficionado, watching all kinds of movies but with a particular affinity for action films, conspiracy movies, movies starring her father,^[5] and movies with happy endings.^[90] Poe is a tennis player and also has a black belt in taekwondo, having competed in tournaments while in high school.^[3]

Birth

Grace was allegedly born in Buenavista, Guimaras, Philippines to an unmarried couple. Her mother, Victoria Rodriguez, died in 1996. Her natural father is reputed to be either Fernando or Pacito Montañez, both of whom are deceased.^[91][92] Her reputed biological mother gave her up for adoption and took her to Jaro because of poverty and for fear of domestic violence by Grace’s alleged biological grandfather against his children, according to her alleged biological maternal aunt in December 2015.^{[93][94][95][96]} In a latest result, DNA tests between Poe and her alleged younger sister Lorena Rodriguez De Chavez showed negative results.^[97]

Her adoptive family claimed she was found on September 3, 1968 in Iloilo City by a woman,^{[3][98][99][100]} in the holy water font of Jaro Metropolitan Cathedral, the main church of the city.^[100] When the infant was discovered, the parish priest named her “Grace” in the belief that her finding was through the grace of God;^[3] she was christened by Jaime Sin, the Archbishop of Jaro, who would later become Archbishop of Manila.^[101] Although the cathedral issued an announcement in the hopes that her biological mother would claim her,^[3] no one stepped forward. Grace was taken in by the Militar family,^[1] with Sayong Militar’s in-law Edgardo, who was a signatory on the child’s foundling certificate, considered to be her possible father.^[101] Sayong Militar later passed Grace on to her friend Tessie Ledesma Valencia,^[99] an unmarried, childless heiress of a sugar baron from Bacolod, Negros Occidental.^[1]

Valencia was also friends with film stars Fernando Poe, Jr. and Susan Roces, who were newlyweds at the time; Valencia was an acquaintance of Roces and was the one who brought Grace in trips between Bacolod and Manila.^[3] The Poes took Grace in after Valencia decided the baby would be better off with two parents in the Philippines rather than with her as a single parent in the United States, where she was moving to.^[1][3] Militar was initially hesitant in the letting Poe couple adopt Grace because she was unfamiliar with them, having entrusted the baby to Valencia, but was convinced by Archbishop Sin to let the couple adopt her.^{[3][99] [100]} Controversy surrounds the identity of her birth parents, with a persistent urban legend stating Poe to be the daughter of former President Ferdinand Marcos^[102] from an affair with Rosemarie Sonora, Roces’ sister and a former movie star.^[103]

Another purported DNA test result was released in November 2015. It was signed by a “Julie Ludovico”, and falsely claimed she was a forensic scientist of DNA Solutions Philippines. This fabricated and faked document showed that fellow senator Bongbong Marcos is a relative of Grace Poe. However, this DNA result was a fabricated and faked document, according to a DNA Solutions official.^[104]

Family

Poe has two adoptive half-siblings through her father Fernando Poe Jr. Both of these half-siblings are actors: Ronian, born to actress Ana Marin;^[105] and Lourdes Virginia (Lovi), born to model Rowena Moran.^[106][107] Although she did not grow up with her half-siblings, even admitting that she met Lovi for the first time only after their father died,^[108] she has known of them while growing up, and they respect each other despite not being close to one another.^[109]

Poe met Teodoro Misael “Neil” Llamanzares in her senior year of high school.^[3] The two started dating thereafter, and married five years later on July 27, 1991, immediately after Poe graduated from Boston College at the age of 22.^[7] The marriage went against the wishes of her father, who wanted her to have a career first before marrying.^[4] Poe gave birth to her only son, Brian, who worked as a reporter for CNN Philippines,^[7] on April 16, 1992, and later gave birth to two daughters: Hanna in 1998, and Nikka in 2004.^[7][110] Her family lived a quiet life in Fairfax, Virginia for 12 years.^[5]

Citizenship

On October 18, 2001, Poe acquired U.S. citizenship by naturalization after a petition by her husband Neil, who was a dual citizen of the Philippines and the United States. According to her private counsel, Poe applied for U.S. citizenship due to the difficulty permanent residents had when applying for a job after the September 11 attacks.^[111] In July 2005, she officially began her permanent residency in the Philippines, shortly after returning to the Philippines to assist her family after her father’s death. She applied for dual citizenship a year later, when she reacquired her Philippine citizenship. In October 2010, Poe renounced her U.S. citizenship in order to occupy a position in the Philippine government as the chair of the MTRCB, as per the RA 9225 law.^[112]

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112. Elemia, Camille (September 4, 2015). “TIMELINE: Grace Poe’s citizenship, residency”. Rappler. Retrieved January 4, 2016.