DISPOSITIVE:

SUBJECTS/DOCTRINES/DIGEST:

WHAT HAPPENED IN THIS CASE?

BOTH PARTIES PRESENTED EVIDENCES OF EQUAL WEIGHT. PETITIONER WORKERS PROVED THAT THEY WERE EMPLOYEES. EMPLOYER RESPONDENT PROVED THAT THE PETITIONERS WERE NOT EMPLOYEES. SC RESOLVED THE DOUBT IN FAVOR OF THE EMPLOYEES.

THE WORK OF PETITIONER IS JUST TO TRANSFER RUBBER LUMPS FROM THE BAGOL OR SMALL CONTAINERS ATTACHED TO THE RUBBER TREE TRUNK AND PLACE THEM IN ANOTHER CONTAINER. IT IS HARD TO DETERMINE WHETHER THE EMPLOYER HAS CONTROL OVER THE MEANS AND METHODS OF THE EMPLOYER’S WORK. SUPREME COURT SAID THERE IS AN ALTERNATIVE TEST, THE UNDERLYING ECONOMIC REALITIES TEST.

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DISPOSITIVE:

SUBJECTS/DOCTRINES/DIGEST:

WHAT HAPPENED IN THIS CASE?

CFI ORDERED ISSUANCE OF TITLE IN THE NAME OF RESPONDENTS. PETITIONERS FILED A CASE AT RTC TO ANNUL CFI JUDGMENT. CA DISMISSED THE CASE. PETITIONERS’ ACTION IS NOT PROPER. THE RTC CANNOT ANNUL THE JUDGMENT OF AN EQUAL COURT. PETITIONERS SHOULD EITHER FILE A CASE OF RECONVEYANCE OR A CASE AT CA FOR ANNULMENT OF JUDGMENT.

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DISPOSITIVE:

SO ORDERED.

SUBJECTS/DOCTRINES/DIGEST:

WHAT HAPPENED IN THIS CASE?

MONDEJAR FALSIFIED MINUTES OF SESSION OF SANGGUNIANG PANLALAWIGAN. AS A RESULT HE WAS ABLE TO ENTER INTO MOA WITH IBC WITH RESPECT TO THE CHANNELING OF TIGUM RIVER. THIS ALLOWED IBC TO GET SURPLUS SUPPLY OF SAND AND GRAVEL EXTRACTED FROM THE RIVER DESPITE NOT HAVING A PERMIT AND NOT PAYING FEES AND TAXES. THIS IS GROSSLY DISADVANTAGEOUS TO THE GOVT.

HOW IS FALSIFICATION OF PUBLIC DOCUMENT COMMITTED?

WHEN THE PUBLIC DOCUMENT IS SIMULATED IN A MANNER AS TO GIVE IT THE APPEARANCE OF A TRUE AND GENUINE INSTRUMENT, THUS, LEADING OTHERS TO ERRORS AS TO ITS AUTHENTICITY.

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